A comparative assessment of marita (Pandanus conoideus) production challenges and opportunities for further research and development in Papua New Guinea – A Review

Abstract

Despite being a high-value native crop, marita (P. conoideus) has received little research and development attention in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Studies in Indonesia have confirmed that marita oil contains natural antioxidants, including carotenoids, tocopherol, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial to human health. In PNG, the marita holds cultural significance and economic value as it is used in traditional rituals, bride price payments, and barter systems as a special gift, and it serves as a source of income for many families. The literature further shows that most information is on background, especially distribution, cultural significance, and food sources like oil and sauce. Unpublished reports in PNG show twenty-four varieties were found in Lumi, West Sepik Province, eighteen different accessions in Jiwaka Province, and four in the Nipa- Kutubu area in the Southern Highlands Province (SHP). This shows that a diversity of marita exists in PNG, and studies need to be conducted on agronomic practices, nutritional and chemical compositions, molecular diversity analysis, and pest and disease management. This study aims to establish that marita is an underutilized crop in PNG, and there is a need to study diversity nationwide, its socio-economic, cultural, and nutritional importance, and wider cultivation as an alternative crop under climate change.